This option appears in resilience plans from around the country.
| Option from plan | Hazards Sort descending | Assets | Region | Source Plan |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Recognize adaptable infrastructure | Drought | Water Infrastructure – General | Southeast | Southeast Florida Compact Regional Climate Action Plan - Energy and Fuel |
| Identify existing underperforming infrastructure and implement adaptable infrastructure strategies that facilitate targeted investments, allow managed performance, and achieve greater flexibility in system | Drought | Water Infrastructure – General | Southeast | West Palm Beach, FL - Rethink Paradise: Sustainability Action Plan |
| Integrate combined surface and groundwater impacts into the evaluation of at-risk infrastructure and the prioritization of adaptation improvements. | Flooding – CoastalFlooding – GeneralFlooding – Rainfall-induced | Multiple or All Assets | Southeast | Southeast Florida Compact Regional Climate Action Plan - Energy and Fuel |
| Annually align local government operational priorities to reflect the current assessment of flooding and sea level rise impacts. | Flooding – CoastalFlooding – General | Multiple or All Assets | Southeast | Charleston, South Carolina - All Hazards Vulnerability & Risk Assessment (p. 188) |
| Use vulnerability and risk assessment analyses and tools to identify priorities for resilience investments. | Multiple or All Hazards | Multiple or All Assets | Southeast | Southeast Florida Compact Regional Climate Action Plan - Energy and Fuel |
| Update risk and vulnerability assessments of critical facilities. Work with responsible parties to ensure that they identify and undertake critical improvements to transportation, buildings, IT, telecoms | Multiple or All HazardsFlooding – General | Critical Facilities | Southern Great Plains | City of San Antonio, TX: A Path for Climate Action & Adaptation (p. 44) |
This option appears in resilience plans from around the country.
| Option from plan | Hazards Sort descending | Assets | Region | Source Plan |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Develop a protection plan and implement reinforcement measures for high-risk areas. (Strategy: Manage development in high-risk areas) | Erosion – Coastal | Property | National | HUD Community Resilience Toolkit (p. 27) |
| Identify, harden and water seal critical infrastructure, especially electrical, heating and ventilation hardware in the floodplain. | Flooding – CoastalFlooding – General | Critical Facilities | ||
| Identify and implement flood protection measures for critical infrastructure. Consider the use of levees or earthen dikes. | Flooding – CoastalFlooding – General | Critical Facilities | Southwest | Climate Resilient San Diego (p. 58 (pdf p. 64)) |
| Protect mechanical, electrical and other key operational equipment from flooding at critical facilities through facility improvements or adaptive action. | Flooding – CoastalFlooding – General | Critical Facilities | Southwest | Climate Resilient San Diego (p. 58 (pdf p. 64)) |
| Install flood control equipment for critical facilities. One example is a flood gate. | Flooding – GeneralFlooding – Rainfall-induced | Critical Facilities | Southeast | Triangle Region, NC Regional Resilience Assessment (p. 201 (pdf p. 213)) |
| Fortify critical lifeline infrastructure and supply chains through continued assessments, coordination and investment. | Multiple or All Hazards | Transportation and MobilityCritical Facilities | Southwest | Los Angeles, CA Resilience Strategy (p. 138 (pdf p. 71)) |
| Harden existing 911 centers to withstand strong winds or build a backup 911 center where operations can be transferred in the event the main 911 center is inoperable. | Wind | Critical Facilities | Southeast | Triangle Region, NC Regional Resilience Assessment (p. 212 (pdf p. 224)) |
This option appears in resilience plans from around the country.
| Option from plan | Hazards Sort descending | Assets | Region | Source Plan |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Develop an ongoing buyouts program that would re-purpose properties at high-risk of sea level rise impacts. Use the land to support water management, drainage and absorption. | Erosion – CoastalFlooding – Coastal | Property | National | HUD Community Resilience Toolkit (p. 11) |
| Minimize low-income housing in the floodplain. Provide financial assistance for low-income families to move out of the floodplain. | Flooding – CoastalFlooding – GeneralFlooding – Rainfall-induced | Property | Southeast | Planning for Climate Resilience—City of Asheville, North Carolina (p. 116) |
| Identify funding tools outside of FEMA programs to buy out flood-prone properties. | Flooding – CoastalFlooding – General | Multiple or All AssetsProperty | Southeast | Triangle Region, NC Regional Resilience Assessment (p. 201 (pdf p. 213)) |
| Develop a program to buy out repetitive loss and high-risk properties. | Flooding – GeneralFlooding – Rainfall-induced | Property | Southeast | Planning for Climate Resilience—City of Asheville, North Carolina (p. 117) |
| The Home Buyout Program was initiated after the historic flood of May 2010 to purchase homes destroyed by the flood, help displaced residents, and convert lots in the floodplain to open space. After purchasing | Flooding – General | Property | Southeast | |
| Counter lag times in FEMA buyout programs by creating a local voluntary buyout program. Such a program could be funded with stormwater fees based on a property's amount of impervious surface. | Flooding – GeneralFlooding – Rainfall-induced | Property | Southeast | |
| Develop a buyouts program to acquire residential properties and local businesses that experience repetitive flood losses. | Flooding – General | Property | National | HUD Community Resilience Toolkit (p. 15) |
| Purchase other properties vulnerable to future flooding (not repetitive loss parcels) and prioritize which ones to repurpose. | Flooding – GeneralFlooding – Rainfall-induced | Property | Southeast | West Palm Beach, FL - Rethink Paradise: Sustainability Action Plan |
This option appears in resilience plans from around the country.
| Option from plan | Hazards Sort descending | Assets | Region | Source Plan |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Work with utility companies to increase the amount of electricity from renewable sources to improve air quality, diversify power sources and increase the resilience of the power grid. | Air PollutionWindExtreme Heat | Energy and Utilities | Northern Great Plains | Spearfish, SD Climate Resiliency Plan |
| Work with utility companies to increase energy sources that do not depend on water. | DroughtExtreme Heat | Energy and Utilities | Southeast | Triangle Region, NC Regional Resilience Assessment (p. 202 (pdf p. 214)) |
| Reduce consumption of electricity and fuel and increase renewable energy capacity to increase regional resilience, reduce greenhouse gas emissions, and | Extreme Heat | Energy and Utilities | Southeast | Southeast Florida Compact Regional Climate Action Plan - Energy and Fuel |
| Require the use of solar power and battery storage – either on individual units or as a community installation – on new affordable housing developments to help residents reduce energy bills as extreme | Extreme Heat | Energy and UtilitiesPeopleProperty | Southeast | Miami Forever Climate Ready Strategy |
| Accelerate adoption of distributed renewable energy systems, electrification and microgrids. | Extreme Heat | Energy and Utilities | Northwest | Missoula, MT Regional Adaptation Strategy (p. 49 (pdf p. 65)) |
| Advocate for more renewable energy sources at state level | Extreme Heat | Energy and Utilities | Southeast | Triangle Region, NC Regional Resilience Assessment (p. 202 (pdf p. 214)) |
| Transition to climate-smart sources of energy. | Multiple or All Hazards | Energy and Utilities | Southwest | Statewide Summary Report: California's Fourth Climate Change Assessment |
| Increase adoption of distributed energy resources such as solar and wind by lowering financial and regulatory barriers to permitting and development. When installed with battery backup or emergency power | WindLandslidesMultiple or All HazardsSevere Winter WeatherFire (Wildfire)Extreme HeatFlooding – CoastalFlooding – General | Critical FacilitiesEnergy and Utilities | Southeast | Triangle Region, NC Regional Resilience Assessment (p. 209 (pdf p. 221)) |
This option appears in resilience plans from around the country.
This option appears in resilience plans from around the country.
| Option from plan | Hazards Sort descending | Assets | Region | Source Plan |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Coordinate with social service providers to ensure that emergency shelters are available during extreme heat events, poor air quality days, severe weather and other highly hazardous conditions. Ensure | Air PollutionWindSevere Winter WeatherFire (Wildfire)Extreme HeatFlooding – CoastalFlooding – General | People | Southwest | Statewide Summary Report: California's Fourth Climate Change Assessment |
| Work with community organizations to conduct outreach to vulnerable populations during extreme heat events. | Extreme Heat | People | National | HUD Community Resilience Toolkit (p. 9) |
| Develop public health outreach strategies for vulnerable populations during heat waves. This effort could be in partnership with community organizations. | Extreme Heat | People | National | |
| Partner with community members to bring together technical information and social considerations to better inform flood management in historically underserved areas. | Flooding – General | People | Southeast | |
| Develop a climate preparedness outreach program focused on vulnerable populations. The program should provide information on staying healthy and safe during hazardous events. | Multiple or All Hazards | People | Southwest | Statewide Summary Report: California's Fourth Climate Change Assessment |
| Collaborate with partners to perform outreach to the community, particularly vulnerable populations. | Multiple or All HazardsFlooding – Rainfall-induced | People | Southeast | Charleston, South Carolina - All Hazards Vulnerability & Risk Assessment (p. 187) |
| Create or expand a program to give out space heaters. Ensure the program educates recipients about space heaters' impact on utility bills. | Severe Winter WeatherExtreme Cold | People | Southeast | Triangle Region, NC Regional Resilience Assessment |
| Partner with community groups to proactively reach out to vulnerable people before and during extreme weather. | WindSevere Winter WeatherExtreme ColdExtreme Heat | People | Southeast | Triangle Region, NC Regional Resilience Assessment |
| Develop outreach and resource programs that provide clothing and knowledge for homeless populations to deal with being outside in extreme cold, extreme heat and extreme weather events. | WindSevere Winter WeatherExtreme ColdExtreme Heat | People | Southeast | Triangle Region, NC Regional Resilience Assessment (p. 199 (pdf p. 211)) |
This option appears in resilience plans from around the country.
| Option from plan | Hazards Sort descending | Assets | Region | Source Plan |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Create overlay districts with that require specific erosion control measures. | Erosion – Coastal | Property | National | HUD Community Resilience Toolkit (p. 27) |
| Require the use of Open Space Residential Design or Conservation Subdivision regulations for any residential subdivision. | Extreme HeatFlooding – GeneralFlooding – Rainfall-induced | Urban Landscape and Tree CanopyProperty | Northwest | Washington Coast Resilience Action Demonstration Project |
| Consider zoning changes or special wildfire overlay districts to designate areas at high risk of wildfire. | Fire (Wildfire) | Multiple or All Assets | National | HUD Community Resilience Toolkit (p. 19) |
| Regulate new development and substantial rehabilitation in the Wildfire Lands Overlay part of the urban growth boundary | Fire (Wildfire) | Property | Northwest | Ashland Climate and Energy Action Plan (p. 67) |
| Regulate new development and mitigate old construction in wildfire hazard areas, especially in the urban growth boundary. | Fire (Wildfire) | Property | NorthwestNational | Ashland Climate and Energy Action Plan HUD Community Resilience Toolkit (p. 67) |
| Implement an overlay zone for coastal resilience. The zone could accommodate marsh migration, include coastal setbacks and protect against future storm surge on private property. | Flooding – Coastal | Multiple or All AssetsProperty | Southeast | Charleston, South Carolina - All Hazards Vulnerability & Risk Assessment (p. 185) |
| Use overlay zones to promote watershed-based development ordinances. | Flooding – GeneralFlooding – Rainfall-induced | Property | Southeast | Miami Forever Climate Ready Strategy |
| Use overlay zones in your land use regulations to encourage or require safer development in the areas most at risk from climate change impacts. | WindLandslidesMultiple or All HazardsFire (Wildfire)Erosion – CoastalExtreme HeatFlooding – CoastalFlooding – General | Multiple or All Assets | Southwest | Statewide Summary Report: California's Fourth Climate Change Assessment |
This option appears in resilience plans from around the country.
| Option from plan | Hazards Sort descending | Assets | Region | Source Plan |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Host drills and tabletop exercises for drought response, regionally and across departments. | Drought | Water Infrastructure – General | Southeast | Triangle Region, NC Regional Resilience Assessment (p. 197 (pdf p. 209)) |
| Conduct regular tranings for local government and water utility staff about proactive planning (e.g., scenario or tabletop exercises, emergency mutual aid, continuity planning) to prepare for drought. | Drought | Water Infrastructure – GeneralPeople | Southeast | West Palm Beach, FL - Rethink Paradise: Sustainability Action Plan |
| Ensure public safety and emergency response professionals have the necessary tools to provide care, outreach and referrals during extreme heat events. | Extreme Heat | People | Northwest | Missoula, MT Regional Adaptation Strategy (p. 48 (pdf p. 64)) |
| Provide training for public safety staff in recognizing and responding to the physical and behavioral signs of heat-related illness. | Extreme Heat | People | Northwest | City of Seattle, WA: Preparing for a Changing Climate (p. 64) |
| Train urban firefighters to respond to wildfires. | Fire (Wildfire) | PeopleProperty | Southeast | Triangle Region, NC Regional Resilience Assessment (p. 198 (pdf p. 210)) |
| Increase staff training on fighting wildfires. | Fire (Wildfire) | Critical FacilitiesPeople | Southeast | West Palm Beach, FL - Rethink Paradise: Sustainability Action Plan |
| Increase training for staff on erosion, sediment, landslides, risk identification and management. | LandslidesErosion – Coastal | Multiple or All AssetsPeople | Northwest | City of Seattle, WA: Preparing for a Changing Climate (p. 24 (pdf p. 47)) |
| Expand workforce preparedness training opportunities and programs to quickly restore essential local government services after a major shock. | WindSevere Winter WeatherFire (Wildfire)Flooding – CoastalFlooding – General | EconomyPeople | Southwest | Los Angeles, CA Resilience Strategy (p. 34 (pdf p. 19)) |
| Increase training and equipment for staff to stay safe in the field during a hurricane. Include training information on how to respond after a hurricane. | Wind | Critical FacilitiesPeople | Southeast | Triangle Region, NC Regional Resilience Assessment (p. 198 (pdf p. 210)) |
This option appears in resilience plans from around the country.
| Option from plan | Hazards Sort descending | Assets | Region | Source Plan |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bridge supports are weakened by the erosion of the underlying streambed. Strengthening these supports will prevent further damage to bridges and increase bridge resiliency during floods and storms. | Erosion – CoastalFlooding – CoastalFlooding – General | Transportation and Mobility | Northeast | City of Baltimore Disaster Preparedness and Planning Project (p. 151) |
| Inventory and create a watch list of transportation infrastructure vulnerable to flooding. Create a prioritized plan to relocate or retrofit vulnerable infrastructure. | Flooding – Coastal | Transportation and Mobility | Northwest | Washington Coast Resilience Action Demonstration Project |
| Identify and improve key transportation and evacuation routes vulnerable to current or future flooding and other weather events. | Flooding – CoastalFlooding – General | Transportation and Mobility | Southeast | State of Louisiana Regional Adaptation Strategy (p. 125) |
| Elevate roads along intercoastal waterways as well as other roads at risk of frequent flooding. | Flooding – Coastal | Transportation and Mobility | Southeast | West Palm Beach, FL - Rethink Paradise: Sustainability Action Plan |
| Elevate coastal buildings, roads, bridges and other infrastructure to manage projected sea level rise, recurrent tidal flooding and storm surge. | Flooding – Coastal | Transportation and MobilityMultiple or All AssetsProperty | Southeast | West Palm Beach, FL - Rethink Paradise: Sustainability Action Plan |
| Replace older bridges and elevate them, if needed. If elevation isn't possible, explore other design solutions. | Flooding – GeneralFlooding – Rainfall-induced | Transportation and Mobility | Southeast | Planning for Climate Resilience—City of Asheville, North Carolina (p. 118) |
| Design roadways, bridges and utilities with protective measures (e.g., elevate bridges, build protective berms) to account for future flooding projections. | Flooding – General | Transportation and Mobility | National | HUD Community Resilience Toolkit (p. 16) |
| Increase the use of bridges and multi-culvert installations (instead of single culverts) when possible to increase flow rate and enhance riparian areas. | Flooding – GeneralFlooding – Rainfall-induced | Transportation and MobilityAquatic and Marine Resources | Southeast | Triangle Region, NC Regional Resilience Assessment (p. 200 (pdf p. 212)) |
| Prioritize road treatment to streets and sidewalks to increase access to critical facilities (e.g., hospitals, emergency medical services, police and fire stations, food suppliers). | Severe Winter Weather | Transportation and MobilityCritical Facilities | Southeast | Triangle Region, NC Regional Resilience Assessment (p. 196 (pdf p. 208)) |
This option appears in resilience plans from around the country.
| Option from plan | Hazards Sort descending | Assets | Region | Source Plan |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Encourage and incentivize the use of pervious landscaped surfaces in new and existing development. Pervious, or permeable, surfaces help manage stormwater on-site and absorb less heat than impervious | DroughtExtreme HeatFlooding – General | Urban Landscape and Tree CanopyProperty | Southwest | Statewide Summary Report: California's Fourth Climate Change Assessment |
| Require and incentivize pervious materials in new construction/maintenance to ensure aquifers are restored during rain events, as opposed to generating runoff due to hard stormwater infrastructure. | Drought | Property | Southeast | Triangle Region, NC Regional Resilience Assessment (p. 210 (pdf p. 222)) |
| Set a limit on the percent of impervious surface — area covered by impenetrable materials such as asphalt, concrete and rooftops — allowed on new construction and redevelopment on residential, commercial | Extreme HeatFlooding – GeneralFlooding – Rainfall-induced | Urban Landscape and Tree CanopyProperty | Southeast | Planning for Climate Resilience—City of Asheville, North Carolina (p. 116) |
| Encourage the use of vegetation and pervious surfaces in urban landscaping requirements. | Flooding – General | Multiple or All Assets | Northeast | City of Baltimore Disaster Preparedness and Planning Project (p. 155) |
| Establish policies for building rehabilitation programs that limit the percentage of impervious surface — areas covered by impenetrable materials such as asphalt, concrete and rooftops — within developed | Flooding – General | Property | National | HUD Community Resilience Toolkit (p. 15) |
| Provide incentives (density bonuses, permitting fees, faster review process, etc.) to developers to reduce impervious surfaces beyond riparian buffer rules and leave riparian areas in place. | Flooding – GeneralFlooding – Rainfall-induced | PropertyWater Infrastructure – Stormwater | Southeast | Triangle Region, NC Regional Resilience Assessment (p. 207 (pdf p. 219)) |
| Limit/control amount of impervious surfaces Max. infiltration (look at zoning regulation if can't add to stormwater ordinance) | Flooding – Rainfall-induced | Water Infrastructure – Stormwater | Southeast | Planning for Climate Resilience—City of Asheville, North Carolina (p. 115) |
| Zoning regulations become more restrictive (impervious areas) | Flooding – Rainfall-induced | Property | Southeast | Planning for Climate Resilience—City of Asheville, North Carolina (p. 116) |
| Create metrics for all new development that emphasize resilience through open and green space. | Multiple or All Hazards | Natural Areas and WildlifeProperty | Midwest | Cleveland Climate Action Plan |
