Fifth National Climate Assessment (NCA5)
Published in 2023, the Fifth National Climate Assessment is the US Government's preeminent report on climate change impacts, risks, and responses. It is a congressionally mandated interagency effort that provides the scientific foundation to support informed decision-making across the United States.
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Full Report |
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Report in Brief |
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Chapter Downloads |
Front Matter |
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1: Overview |
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2: Climate Trends |
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3: Earth Systems Processes |
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4: Water |
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5: Energy Supply, Delivery, and Demand |
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6: Land Cover and Land-Use Change |
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7: Forests |
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8: Ecosystems, Ecosystem Services, and Biodiversity |
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9: Coastal Effects |
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10: Ocean Ecosystems and Marine Resources |
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11: Agriculture, Food Systems, and Rural Communities |
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12: Built Environment, Urban Systems, and Cities |
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13: Transportation |
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14: Air Quality |
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15: Human Health |
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16: Tribes and Indigenous Peoples |
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17: Climate Effects on US International Interests |
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18: Sector Interactions, Multiple Stressors, and Complex Systems |
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19: Economics |
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21: Northeast |
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22: Southeast |
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23: US Caribbean |
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24: Midwest |
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25: Northern Great Plains |
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26: Southern Great Plains |
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27: Northwest |
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28: Southwest |
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29: Alaska |
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30: Hawai'i and US-Affiliated Pacific Islands |
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31: Adaptation |
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32: Mitigation |
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Focus On |
F1: Compound Events |
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F2: Western Wildfires |
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F3: COVID-19 and Climate Change |
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F4: Risks to Supply Chains |
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F5: Blue Carbon |
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Appendices |
A1: Assessment Development Process |
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A2: Information Quality |
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A3: Scenarios and Datasets |
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A4: Indicators |
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A5: Glossary |
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Public Reviews |
Public Comments and Author Responses for the Zero Order Draft |
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Public Comments and Author Responses for the Third Order Draft |
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Review by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine |
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Narrative Response to the Academies Review |
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Author Responses to National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine |
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Other Materials |
Information Quality Guidance |
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Implementation of Federal Guidelines and Best Practices for Highly Influential Scientific Assessments in the Fifth National Climate Assessment |
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Information Quality Act Certification |
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Selection Process for Downscaled Climate Projection Data in the Fifth National Climate Assessment |
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Errata |
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Art x Climate |
Art x Climate Gallery |
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